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USS Providence (1775)
Originally chartered by the Rhode Island General Assembly as ''Katy'', USS ''Providence'' was a sloop in the Continental Navy. The ship took part in a number of campaigns during the first half of The American Revolutionary War before being destroyed by her own crew in 1779 to prevent her falling into the hands of the British after the failed Penobscot Expedition.
==Service as ''Katy''==
From early 1775, British men-of-war, especially His Majesty’s Frigate , searched Rhode Island shipping and annoyed the colony’s merchants who had become wealthy through smuggling. On 13 June Deputy Governor Nicholas Cooke wrote James Wallace, the frigate’s Captain, demanding restoration of several ships which ''Rose'' had captured. Two days later the Rhode Island General Assembly ordered the committee of safety to fit out two ships to defend the colony’s shipping, and appointed a committee of three to obtain the vessels. That day the committee chartered the sloop ''Katy'' from John Brown of Providence and the sloop ''Washington'' at the same time. The General Assembly appointed Abraham Whipple, who had won fame in the burning of British armed schooner ''Gaspee'' in 1772, commander of ''Katy'', the larger ship, and made him commodore of the tiny fleet. Before sunset that day Whipple captured a tender to HMS ''Rose''. ''Katy'' cruised in Narragansett Bay through the summer protecting coastal shipping.
The supply of gunpowder, an essential commodity scarce in the Continental Army throughout the Revolutionary War, was desperately low during the first year of the struggle for Independence. Late in the summer of 1775 the shortage in Washington’s Army besieging Boston became so severe that he was unable to use his artillery and his riflemen would have been unable to repel an attack had the British taken the offensive.
In an effort to obtain precious powder for the Continental Army, Cooke ordered Whipple to cruise for a fortnight off Sandy Hook, New Jersey, to intercept a powder-laden packet expected from London. He was then to proceed to Bermuda to capture the powder stored in the British magazine there. ''Katy'' departed Narragansett Bay 12 September but caught no sight of the packet. Later upon reaching Bermuda, Whipple learned that the powder from the magazine was already en route to Philadelphia.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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